4th grade. Gymnasium or Realschule?

What secondary school to choose – Gymnasium or Realschule? High school choice is not as obvious now as it used to be. Secondary education in Germany has changed significantly over the past 15 years.

I have so far examined the structure of education in half of the federal states (see the topics “Schools after the Grundschule”) and will continue to do so.

The main conclusion: the idea “if you want to go to a university, you need to fight to get into a gymnasium” in most Bundeslands no longer works. The strictest vertical is preserved in Bavaria and Saxony.

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Diy Lanterns for Saint Martin feast. 2. Paper mache lanterns, lampion lantern, bags

DIY Laterne Saint Martin Lantern paper bag

In the first part, we looked at the possible lighting options and basic materials for diy lanterns. Now let’s see what typical forms and what techniques are used. I must say, that the imagination is inexhaustible and every year new variants for lanterns appear. I tried to collect most of the ones already invented.

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All about Saint Martin Lantern. 1. Materials

Saint Martin Lantern

This thread is all about Saint Martin lanterns for Saint Martin Festival. Let’s start with lighting and materials, then discuss the basic shapes of lanterns and some techniques.

Please note that most lanterns require not only lighting, but also a stick to carry it on. And there are more problems with a stick than with a candle.

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School supplies in Germany. Notebooks, folders, art lessons

In the first part about school supplies in Germany there were satchels, pencil cases and how to deal with theft, in the second there were pencils, rulers, erasers, sharpeners and pens. Now let’s move on to notebooks, numerous types of folders, materials for art and some furniture.

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School supplies in Germany. 2. Pencils, pens (Füller) and others

The first part is about satchel, pencil cases, sports bags and theft of the school supplies. Let’s go further down the list – to pencils and pens as school supplies.

Important: pencils, pens, sharpeners, erasers, and rulers should be purchased also for “home-use”. That means you schould buy all things in double amount. If your child takes a pencil case out of his satchel to do his homework, then he is on the right way to forget everything at home one beautiful day.

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Primary school. School supplies in Germany

Over the five years of purchasing school lists I gathered some tips for school supplies in Germany.

General warning: teachers do not always know well what they want and how much their wishes are reflected on store shelves. Therefore, do not panic, be creative with the lists and do not be afraid to send your child to school with materials that do not quite match. The first class has everything stricter than others, but you have the opportunity to clarify at the first meeting, which takes place before the beginning of the year or immediately after the beginning of the year. The rest have at least a week to clarify, and even more.

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Non-Speaking child. 3. Speech delay treatment in Germany

Now we come to most important question: “What to do?” In other words – to speech delay treatment in Germany. In the first part it was a question “What is happening?” In the second part – “What is the cause?”

Let’s try to go from symptoms, not from age. And at the end also two important questions: What can you do yourself? and How to convince a pediatrician, that your child needs an examination?

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Non-speaking child. 2. Speech delay causes

Speech delay causes can be physiological, intellectual, psychological and social. The first part was about speech development and speech delay symptoms by age. Each of these symptoms means a specific disease or several diseases. I can hardly name all of them, as some of them are very specific. I will try to combine them into groups.

Once you’ve supposed what your child’s speech delay causes might be, go on to Part 3 – Speech delay treatment in Germany.

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